Abstract

Makalah ini mengkaji secara sistematis perkembangan literatur akademik dalam bidang antropologi kebudayaan yang membahas mitos dan simbolisme naga (dragon) sebagai fenomena universal budaya manusia. Dengan menelusuri karya-karya primer dan sekunder dari para sarjana antropologi, folkloristik, dan ilmu kognitif—mulai dari David E. Jones, Adrienne Mayor, Lynne A. Isbell, Carl Sagan, Daniel Ogden, A.R. Radcliffe-Brown, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Wolfram Eberhard, Schuyler V.R. Cammann, hingga Jean S. Forward—makalah ini mengidentifikasi empat paradigma interpretasi utama: (1) hipotesis instink evolusioner, (2) hipotesis temuan fosil/paleontologis, (3) analisis strukturalis dan semiotis, serta (4) studi komparatif kawasan. Dibahas pula kehadiran figur naga dalam tradisi Hindu-Buddha Asia Tenggara, khususnya konteks Indonesia, sebagai perspektif etnografi lokal. Makalah ini berargumen bahwauniversalitas mitos nagatidakdapatdireduksikedalamsatupenjelasan tunggal, melainkan merupakan produk perpaduan antara imperatif evolusi, pengolahan pengalaman ekologis, dan kreativitas simbolik kebudayaan.

Keywords

naga mitos antropologi kebudayaan simbolisme evolusi strukturalisme asia tenggara

References

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