Abstrak

Kemiskinan masih menjadi tantangan utama bagi pembangunan di berbagai negara

berkembang di dunia. Beragam intervensi pemerintah digerakkan untuk membantu

upaya pengentasan kemiskinan, salah satunya adalah pelaksanaan program bantuan

tunai bersyarat atau yang lazim dikenal dengan conditional cash transfer (CCT).

Program CCT bertujuan utama untuk menurunkan angka kemiskinan melalui

bantuan tunai, dengan catatan para penerima manfaat harus memenuhi beberapa

persyaratan. Melalui CCT, pemerintah berupaya menekan angka kemiskinan dalam

jangka pendek dengan menambah pendapatan rumah tangga dan mencegah

kemiskinan dalam jangka panjang dengan upaya meningkatkan modal manusia.

Pelaksaan CCT telah dilaksanakan di berbagai negara dan memberikan dampak

positif pada upaya pengentasan kemiskinan, termasuk di Indonesia. Program CCT

Indonesia dikenal dengan Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH). Selanjutnya, studi ini

mencoba mengevaluasi dan menyelidiki dampak implementasi PKH pada upaya

pengentasan kemiskinan dengan pendekatan statistik deskriptif dan studi literatur.

Studi ini menemukan bahwa secara umum PKH berkontribusi positif terhadap

upaya pengentasan kemiskinan dengan meningkatkan pengeluaran konsumsi rumah

tangga, angka partisipasi sekolah, hingga kesadaran terhadap pendidikan dan

kesehatan pada penerima manfaat. Selain itu, PKH juga berkontribusi positif dalam

1upaya pencegahan stunting dan pemenuhan gizi bayi dan anak. Meskipun demikian,

besaran bantuan yang masih kecil di tengah biaya hidup yang membengkak,

infrastruktur pendukung seperti fasilitas pendidikan dan kesehatan, serta

keberlanjutan program pasca graduasi penerima manfaat yang minim masih

menjadi tantangan dalam implementasi PKH. Penyesuaian ulang besaran bantuan

dan intervensi pasca graduasi, seperti memastikan tersedianya lapangan kerja,

diperlukan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas PKH.

Kata Kunci

program keluarga harapan Conditional cash transfer kemiskinan pendidikan kesehatan

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