Abstract
Abstract
Transubstansiasi merupakan doktrin sentral dalam teologi Ekaristi Katolik yang menjelaskan perubahan hakikat roti dan anggur menjadi Tubuh dan Darah Kristus melalui konsekrasi dalam perayaan Misa. Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji dasar biblis, perkembangan historis, dan formulasi dogmatis ajaran transubstansiasi dalam tradisi Gereja Katolik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka dengan menelaah Kitab Suci, dokumen Magisterium, serta kajian teologis kontemporer. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa ajaran ini berakar pada narasi Perjamuan Terakhir (Mat. 26:26–28) dan ditegaskan secara dogmatis oleh Konsili Trente yang menyatakan adanya perubahan substansi roti dan anggur menjadi Tubuh dan Darah Kristus (Denzinger, 1642). Pemahaman tersebut diperdalam dalam Catechism of the Catholic Church (KGK 1376), ensiklik Mysterium Fidei dari Paus Paulus VI (1965), serta ensiklik Ecclesia de Eucharistia dari Paus Yohanes Paulus II (2003). Kajian teologis oleh Ratzinger (2000) dan Nichols (2015) menegaskan bahwa transubstansiasi tidak sekadar simbolisme, melainkan kehadiran nyata (Real Presence) Kristus dalam Ekaristi. Dengan demikian, doktrin ini menjadi fondasi spiritual, liturgis, dan eklesiologis kehidupan Gereja Katolik.
Keywords
Aquinas, Thomas. Summa Theologiae. Translated by Fathers of the English
Dominican Province, Benziger Bros., 1947.
Augustine of Hippo. The Works of Saint Augustine: Sermons. New City
Press, 1992.
Balthasar, Hans Urs von. The Glory of the Lord: A Theological Aesthetics.
Ignatius Press, 1982.
Benedict XVI. Sacramentum Caritatis: Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation on
the Eucharist. Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2007.
Catechism of the Catholic Church. 2nd ed., Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1997.
Calvin, John. Institutes of the Christian Religion. Translated by Henry
Beveridge, Hendrickson Publishers, 2008.
Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments.
Holy Communion and Worship of the Eucharist Outside Mass. Libreria Editrice
Vaticana, 1973.
De Lubac, Henri. Corpus Mysticum: The Eucharist and the Church in the
Middle Ages. University of Notre Dame Press, 2007.
Feingold, Lawrence. The Eucharist: Mystery of Presence, Sacrifice, and Communion. Emmaus Academic, 2018.
Francis. Desiderio Desideravi: Apostolic Letter on the Liturgical Formation of
the People of God. Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2022.
Francis. Evangelii Gaudium: Apostolic Exhortation on the Proclamation of the
Gospel in Today’s World. Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2013.
Ignatius of Antioch. The Apostolic Fathers. Edited and translated by Michael
W. Holmes, Baker Academic, 2007.
Irenaeus of Lyons. Against Heresies. Translated by Dominic J. Unger, Paulist
Press, 1992.
John Paul II. Ecclesia de Eucharistia: Encyclical Letter on the Eucharist in Its
Relationship to the Church. Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2003.
John Paul II. Fides et Ratio: Encyclical Letter on Faith and Reason. Libreria
Editrice Vaticana, 1998.
John Paul II. Ut Unum Sint: Encyclical Letter on Commitment to Ecumenism.
Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1995.
Justin Martyr. The First and Second Apologies. Translated by Leslie William
Barnard, Paulist Press, 1997
Kelly, J. N. D. Early Christian Doctrines. 5th ed., Continuum, 2000.
Kereszty, Roch A. Wedding Feast of the Lamb: Eucharistic Theology from a
Historical, Biblical, and Systematic Perspective. Hillenbrand Books, 2004.
Meyendorff, John. Byzantine Theology: Historical Trends and Doctrinal
Themes. Fordham University Press, 1983.
Paul VI. Mysterium Fidei: Encyclical on the Holy Eucharist. Libreria Editrice
Vaticana, 1965.
Pius XII. Mediator Dei: Encyclical on the Sacred Liturgy. Libreria Editrice
Vaticana, 1947.
Rahner, Karl. Theological Investigations. Vol. 4, Helicon Press, 1966.
Ratzinger, Joseph. Eschatology: Death and Eternal Life. Catholic University
of America Press, 1988.
Ratzinger, Joseph. God Is Near Us: The Eucharist, the Heart of Life. Ignatius
Press, 2003.
Ratzinger, Joseph. The Spirit of the Liturgy. Ignatius Press, 2000.
Schillebeeckx, Edward. The Eucharist. Sheed and Ward, 1968.
Taylor, Charles. A Secular Age. Harvard University Press, 2007.
The Second Vatican Council. Lumen Gentium: Dogmatic Constitution on
the Church. Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1964.
The Second Vatican Council. Sacrosanctum Concilium: Constitution on the
Sacred Liturgy. Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1963.
The Second Vatican Council. Unitatis Redintegratio: Decree on Ecumenism.
Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1964.
The Council of Florence. Decree for the Armenians. Vatican Archives, 1439.
The Council of Trent. The Canons and Decrees of the Council of Trent. Translated by H. J. Schroeder, TAN Books, 1978.
Ware, Kallistos. The Orthodox Church. Penguin Books, 1997.
Wood, Susan K. “The Eucharist and Ecclesiology.” Theological Studies, vol.
67, no. 3, 2006, pp. 548–570.